Enjoying life - younger or older

Yes I agree with the statement that "Young people enjoy life more than older people do." There are various reasons behind my agreement. Those are summarized below.

Firstly, to enjoy life one has to be full of energy, enthusiasm and fearlessness. Young people have that level energy and courage for which they can do whatever they want to do. But, older people are generally lack of energy. May be, the older people wish to do a lot of activities. But their level of energy does not permit them to perform those desired activities. For an example: Skydiving is a thrilling activity which a major portion of young people perform. They are able to do so because they have necessary amount of energy and enthusiasm within them. But, an older person is generally incapable to skydive because lack of courage as well as energy. So, due to their energetic and courageous feature young people enjoy life more than older people do.

Secondly, older people are generally full of tension. They have been exposed to various incidents throughout their life. They have gathered much verisimilar experiences. This incidents and experiences left them tensed all over the day. They critically judge every incident and foresee the worst outcome from them. So, they can not enjoy their life. On the other hand, young people possess a careless like attitude. They do not think much of future rather they believe in present. They are confident enough to handle any situation. So, they are brave enough to explore various stature of life. From that they get immense enjoyment which older people generally unable to achieve. For an example: if there is a plan to travel in a hilly area then the older people will always think about the accidents there may happen, the landslide there may occur. So, they may refrained to go there. But young ones will tell that they will manage themselves whenever such situation will arise. This difference between old and young matters to enjoyment.

Thirdly, young people have not their family burden. Mostly they are student. They are dependent on their parents for their fooding and living. So, they can spend a great amount of time towards enjoyment. In contrast to that, the older people have family. They are bound to feed their family. So, they always have to think how the family will survive. For that, they spend most of the time of the day in earning money and get exhausted in the later half of the day. Therefore, they are not getting any time for enjoyment. For an example: if someone visits a cinema hall in an evening show they can realize that there are more number of young people than the old people. Because, older ones are tired then after whole day of hectic schedule. But, young people are not. So, they are enjoying the movie.

Finally, in their old age people are worn out of various chronic disease which is a huge hindrance in the way of enjoying life. But, the younger people are generally disease free. So, their health permits enjoyment. Therefore they can hang out with their friends, party with their closed ones which older diseased people can not do. For an example: many old people become down with spondylitis which prevent them to go and enjoy in some party. Which is not in the case of younger ones.

Therefore, the energetic, restless, fearless, tension-free young people enjoy their life more compared to the worried, burdenful, diseased old people due to the reasons discussed above clearly.

Professors going to TV

In the lecture the woman stated that there is no real benefit to anyone when a professor appears on TV.

Firstly she told that the professor who are attending TV programs may miss important meetings or conferences. Their motivation changes from education to entertainment. For that they may face difficulty to get money for their research work. Moreover appearing on TV wastes a major amount of time of the professor which he could utilize in university research. So, neither the professor nor the university is getting benefit from this phenomenon. And by making this point clear, the woman also opposes the points made in the passage as it has been stated in the passage that both university and professor becomes beneficial by getting in touch with public when some professor appears on TV.

Secondly, in the lecture the woman also refused to agree with the argument made in the passage that people watching the interview of the professor get a deeper knowledge in a specific subject area. The woman told that actually the TV channel company does not want to telecast a serious conversation on TV. So, what they telecast is a mild, narrow discussion with the professor about an academic title or a brief incident. This can also be accomplished by a mere reporter with some background work.

So, finally, the woman in her lecture cogently repudiated the fact that there is a huge benefit to university, professor and public on attending a professor in a television conversation.

Altruism - human and meerkat

In the lecture the professor told that the meerkat group was observed very closely than before. Then some interesting facts came out which oppose the arguments made in the passage.

Firstly, the meerkat who stand as guard eats before its work. So, being in full stomach it has no need of food any more. Therefore, not taking food as stated in the passage is not altruism.

Secondly, when the guard meerkat cries an alarm upon approaching a predator then the sentinel has the greater possibility to escape as it sees the predator first. Moreover, when the meerkat group hears the alarm then they will gather together or scatter. So, they will catch the attention of predator putting themselves in danger. Therefore, actually the group of meerkat are in danger when predator comes. This also opposes the altruistic behavior of the sentinel.

Finally, the group of meerkat not the sentinel go in search of food which also is dangerous for them. Now, it can be told that the sentinel is nowhere altruistic.

There are example of human being also in the lecture. In the passage it has been mentioned that, when a person donates his/her body part selflessly then it can be an instance of altruism. But the professor opposed this point saying that the donor achieves much appreciation and recognition from the acceptor as well as from society. So, the donor is actually getting something which may be non-material, and that's why this cannot be regarded as pure altruism.

Cooperation or competition

In the given issue it has been stated that the best way for society to prepare its young people for leadership in government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation instead of competition. I am readily agreeing with this statement. There are several reasons behind my agreement. Those are summarized below.

First of all, leadership in government, industry or any other field is such a position where the leader has to think constantly the good for his followers. If his followers are not in good situation physically, mentally or financially and if the leader is the reason for this then the people will no more follow him. For an example, if a state minister randomly hikes the prices of essential commodities without any reason then the residents of that state will surely not elect that minister in next election. So, the leader has to cooperate with his follower. He has to understand their needs and work accordingly. This cooperative attitude should be grown from the very young age only. Because youths are malleable enough to assimilate anything good.

Secondly, it is also important for a leader to create good relation with other leaders in same fields also. If he cooperates with other leaders then he may learn some leadership traits from them too. He can know whether those leaders are more successful and if yes what are the reasons behind their success. But if he has a harsh competitive attitude then others will not cooperate with him and that may lead to an unsuccessful leadership. For an example, suppose there are two industries - A and B. Both industries are successful in some extent. Now, A's leader want to collaborate with B's for betterment of both. In this case, if B's leader wishes to cooperate with A's then both industries together will become a huge success. But if, B's leader has competitive attitude and refuse to collaborate then A's leader may ask some other leader's help and they will make a huge industry together which in turn affect B's success. So, here B's leader's attitude is directly linked with his success.

Finally, leadership is not a rocket science that if it is executed, the leader will be a highly successful one. A leader has to always keep in mind that whom he is leading. He has to realize that he became a leader because his followers and other leaders have chosen so. If he does not cooperate with them rather try to compete then his position will not be intact. So, cooperative attitude is mostly required to be a good leader. But, they have also to mark his enemy with whom he should compete. Because he has to go much further than his enemy.

So, young people should be taught the cooperative attitude from the very beginning of their life. If they adhere to this marvelous trait then they will implant this attitude into their work or action in future also. They should know the stories of successful leaders. These can make them a successful leader in future also. And successful leaders in a society make it a more healthy place to live.

Movie production

In the given passage the advertising director of the Super Screen Movie Production Company has made a conclusion about the betterment of his industry. He has some arguments behind his conclusion in the memo. But, there are some questions which need to be answered before taking the decision. Those are discussed below.

The first question which needs answer is what is the cost of those movies when it is screened in cinema halls or sold through digital media. The movies produced by Super Screen Movie Production Company may be good enough but the cost also may be so high that it prevent people to attend those movies. There may be other production houses which are producing similar type of good movies but at lower cost. So the cost factor is a big question behind the success of the Super Screen Movie Production Company.

Secondly, it is written that the percentage of positive reviews about specific Super Screen movies increased during the past year. But, the actual number and the comparison with other production company has not been discussed here. May be, other production companies are making many good movies unlike Super Screen's "specific" movies. It also may be the case that other production companies' increase in positive review is much higher than Super Screen's. So the real improvement in quality of movies produced by Super Screen Movie in comparison to other company is another question which seeks answer.

Thirdly, who exactly are the reviewers discussed in the argument and how exactly their review is matched with common people is also a point of doubt. The reviewers may judge Super Screen's movie as a good one but their judgment may not be unanimously accepted. The reviewers may not be aware of current trend and they are judging the movies of Super Screen Movie Production Company from their viewpoint only. So the quality of reviewer is a question which need to be answered.

Next, it has not been mentioned about the current advertisement policy of Super Screen Movie Production Company. May be they are already investing enough budget to advertising and it is also reaching to the people. But, people are not liking it. If it is, then there is no need to increase the budget. Because increase in advertising will have no more positive effect on people. So, current advertising quantity of the production company is also a question

Finally, success does not depend on a single parameter only. When multiple criteria meet together then success occurs. Here also, to get success, the director of Super Screen Movie Production Company has to concentrate on various aspects rather than thinking about a small change. He has to talk with public to know the public demand. He should not realize only on reviewer's words. Because ultimately he is serving the public, so their concern matters largely.

Therefore the director of the movie production company has to closely analyze the above questions before taking a final decision.

Invention

If you could invent something new, what product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why this invention is needed.

To create something new which was not familiar to the world is something called invention. Every creative mind in the earth wants to invent something. May be the invention is in the field of arts, maybe it is in the field of science or maybe it is related to some other field. Whatever be the invention, to me an invention is successful only when it is of some use to human being to facilitate their living.

In spite of the massive advancement in science and technology there are many issues with which human are still uncomfortable. One of those issues is cancer. Today biological science has got its stature but not enough to produce some treatment of cancer. There are some techniques like chemotherapy which can slow down the pace of spreading cancer in an affected body but no permanent cure of cancer has been discovered till date. Truly speaking, if I could invent something new, I would invent one medicine which can cure cancer totally from an affected person. This would be an invention from which many people from different parts of the world would be benefitted. There are several reasons behind my choice of inventing treatment of cancer. Those are summarized below.

Firstly, a large part of premature death in USA as well as South-East Asia occurs from cancer. Many people lose their near and dear ones due to cancer. There are many families where the earning person dies of cancer. One of my nearest one was suffering from cancer for a couple of year. I have visioned the pain of suffering with my own eye. Recently he passed away. He was the head of the family. Now his family has been totally ruined. They have no income source now-a-days. So cancer snatched away all from them. I want to prevent this kind of massive destruction caused by cancer and I believe that my invention would do that.

Secondly, cancer is almost a hereditary disease. Once a family is affected with cancer, its descendants have high probability to get affected too. So, cancer is like a curse to human and none can remove the curse - once spelled, nothing can be done. If I would discover a cure for cancer then it would no more be a curse. It would just like a mere disease as cough and cold.

Moreover today the adulteration of food has got such a height that the chance of affected by cancer is increasing day-by-day. If the situation sustains like this, then getting down by cancer will almost be inevitable. The death rate due to cancer will be so high that mankind will be at stake. So, my desired invention will prevent this life taking disease from destroying mankind. People will at least feel safer than before.

So, my development of the treatment of cancer will restore many precious life throughout the world. Not only it will save people from premature death, but also it will bring smile in the faces of large number of people.

River sports

In surveys Mason City residents rank water sports (swimming, boating, and fish - ing) among their favorite recreational activities. The Mason River flowing through the city is rarely used for these pursuits, however, and the city park department devotes little of its budget to maintaining riverside recreational facilities. For years there have been complaints from residents about the quality of the river’s water

and the river’s smell. In response, the state has recently announced plans to clean up Mason River. Use of the river for water sports is, therefore, sure to increase. The city government should for that reason devote more money in this year’s budget to riverside recreational facilities.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on the assumptions and what the implications are if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

In the above argument it has been stated that the city government of Mason city should devote more money in this year's budget to riverside recreational facilities as city park department devotes little of its budget towards maintaining riverside recreational facilities and people are complaining about the quality of the river's water and the river's smell while they rank water sports among their favorite recreational activities. But there are some assumptions taken behind the argument and the implications of those assumptions may prove the argument unwarranted.

First of all, it has been said that Mason City residents rank water sports among their favorite recreational activities. It implies that there are other recreational activities also in their favorite list besides water sports. And it may be the case that if city government devotes money in this year's budget to other leisure activities then also the residents would be happy. Currently residents are complaining about riverside recreational facility because there may not be any other option of recreation besides watersports. So, that riverside recreational activity is the only activity which people of Mason City love to do and government should pour money is a one unstated assumption and it makes the arguments an unwanted one.

Secondly, in fore stated argument there is no information about the usefulness of the survey. The usefulness of a survey depends on the sample space it is considering, questioner it is preparing and efficiency of the people who are interpreting the survey. So, if the survey has not efficiency then it may mislead to a wrong result. Therefore, the statement 'Mason City residents rank water sports among their favorite recreational activities" may no longer be valid. If the survey's sample space is too small then the result should be interpreted as “a part of Mason City residents like water sports". In that case, if government spends money in a field where most of the resident have no or little interest then the investment may be a total loss. Therefore, the survey is an efficient enough is the second unstated assumption and this also is making the argument unwarranted.

Finally, it has been described that the residents of Mason City have complained about the water quality and the foul smell coming from water. But whether the complaints are strong enough or the residents are making one small issue a big one is another area of concern. Therefore the weight and truthfulness of the complaints are also an assumption of the argument and which in turn may oppose the argument.

So, looking at the above facts, it can be concluded that the government of Mason City should take the decision of devoting money to riverside recreational activities only after treating those assumptions scrupulously.

Shopping Mall

It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built

in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use

specific reasons and details to support your answer.

Yes, I support the plan to build a large shopping center in my neighborhood. There are many reasons for my agreement. These are summarized below.

Firstly, if a shopping center is built in my neighborhood then it will be easier for us to procure essential items which are of reliable quality also. As there is no such shopping center currently, we have to depend on cheap, low quality, local materials. Moreover, sometimes there are shortage in supply of those materials and we have to suffer for this. Therefore, upon building a large shopping center we can get quality materials with abundant supply.

Secondly, many people will come from different places to visit the shopping center. So, to facilitate their visit our municipality will decorate our neighborhood. May be they will increase the number of street lights operating on the roadside of our locality. They may keep our locality more clean. This will make our neighborhood more quaint and vibrant one.

Thirdly, as there will be a gathering of many people from many places, our locality will be widely known. At present, outside our locality, very few person have knowledge about our area. If, the large shopping center is built, then our area will be familiarized by many people in the city. So, our locality will then get a prominent place in the map of the city. Our neighborhood will be no more a lesser known one, rather many people will know about our locality and we also will get a feeling of being acknowledged.

Moreover, establishment of a large shopping center will necessitate further establishment of some side business also. For an example, there must be some food corners around that shopping center. At present our neighborhood has no renowned food corners like KFC, McDonald's or Domino's. If such shopping center will be in reality, then we will no longer be lacking of those much needed food corners.

Finally, the newly built shopping center will be a place of leisure and relaxation for us. Whenever I will get bored, I may take a troll to the shopping center with my friends to get rid of monotonous times. The view of many energized people will make me charged to be able to get back into my work.

So, looking on the various advantages, I readily support to the plan to build a large shopping center in my neighborhood as it will facilitate our lives in more superior ways.

Reward system

     In the lecture the person blatantly opposed what has been discussed in the paragraph. In the lecture it has been told that actually rewarding the employees for their better performance has an adverse effects on the productivity of the company. In the passage it has been pointed out that rewards encourage the workers to work more efficiently which in turn increases the productivity of the company. But in the lecture it has been told that the reward system builds an expectation within the workers and when an employee is not being rewarded as per his expectation then the worker becomes disappointed. In addition to that,  this incentive procedure will make the workers think that they are being manipulated. Because of these negative attitudes within the workers, the productivity of the company reduces.

      Moreover, according to the passage, promise of rewards improves employee attitudes. But according to the lecture, what workers want is respect not the reward.

      Besides, in the lecture it has been said this rewards system exacerbates the relation between the boss and workers. Workers do not want to share (with the boss) what problem they are facing, as it may create a negative impact about them. This kind of behavior in turn affects the productivity of the company adversely. So, according to the lecture, the traits of improving productivity through rewards is not a valid way to improve productivity in company as said in the passage.

Food product

The following appeared in a memo to the board of directors of Bargain Brand Cereals.

"One year ago we introduced our first product, Bargain Brand breakfast cereal. Our very low prices quickly drew many customers away from the top-selling cereal companies. Although the companies producing the top brands have since tried to compete with us by lowering their prices and although several plan to introduce their own budget brands, not once have we needed to raise our prices to continue making a profit. Given our success in selling cereal, we recommend that Bargain Brand now expand its business and begin marketing other low-priced food products as quickly as possible."

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

In the given memo, the board of directors of Bargain Brand Cereals has decided to extend their business from breakfast cereals to other food products as well. Apparently, their logic behind the decision is correct. But if we examine closely, then it can be realized that there are some questions which need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is reasonable or not.

First question which needs answer is whether there is already some reputed company which sales food products, Bargain Brand aiming for, in cheap price? If it is so, then it will not be easy to Bargain Brand to establish a firm market with those food products. Moreover, if other companies are sailing those products in sufficiently low price, then to make the price even lower, Bargain Brand can suffer loss in their business. So, the directors should closely examine the position of other food products companies in terms of reputation and their price of the products too. Because, if Bargain Brand starts to make loss while sailing products in low price, then it will not be a smart business strategy.

Secondly, it is not mentioned in the passage that, besides breakfast cereal whether Bargain Brand are equally efficient to produce other food products or not. May be they have a good set of workers who are expert to produce breakfast cereal only. For that, they are gaining reputation. It is not so obvious that, if one company is producing a specific product very well, it will produce other products well also. Before venturing to the new business, Bargain Brand should be confident enough that they can make those ‘other food products’ equally good.

The other information which is not clear from the passage is the demand of breakfast cereal in comparison to other food products. It may be the case that, there is a high demand of breakfast cereal. For that, Bargain Brand has become reputed in a short span of time. Besides, the amount of consumption of breakfast cereal per person may be so high that people tend to buy cereal in a lower rate. But, for other food products, the demand may not be the same. People may not even bother about the price of those food products. They can simply ignore a new company with low price and continue their own familiar old company as they are consuming that products in a low quantity. In that case Bargain Brand may not acquire equal success with other food products.

Finally, success in any business does not depend on single variable. It needs some mastermind, some good strategy with good set of workers. So, the answer of the question, whether Bargain Brand will fetch success in marketing other food products or not, completely lies on how good their business analysts are deciding strategies and how efficiently those are being implemented. They will not get success by only lowering the prices of the food products.

Laws and their usefulness

"Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and to disobey and resist unjust laws"

The characteristics which differentiates human being from other living bodies is that human being is a social animal. So being in society every people has his own responsibility to make the society a better one in terms of peacefulness and humanity. Peacefulness in a society can only prevail when there will be certain rules and norms pertaining to equality, justice and other aspects. These rules in written form are laws. Each people have the right to explore those rules and give opinion to the correctness of those laws otherwise the main motivation of making those laws will not be fulfilled. Whenever there are some unrest within the society, then applying those laws and with proper evidences, the wrongdoers should be punished.

As every dwellers of the society should look into the betterment of the society, it is apparently true that each individual has a responsibility to obey just laws and to disobey and resist unjust laws. To me, to certain extent this is correct. Because unjust laws can’t do the betterment of the society rather it can insert more turbulence within it. However, if the argument is examined closely then there will arise some reasons which will oppose the apparent freedom of every individual in a society.

First of all, the word ‘just’ and ‘unjust’ are totally relative to the large population of the society. What is ‘just’ to a man of a society can be purely ‘unjust’ to others and vice-versa. The situation may arise like, every laws are unjust to some people. If this is the case, then there is no need to make the laws. And if there are no laws then an anarchy will prevail. When there is certain law, then it has been made after considering certain situation. It has to have some good prospect which may not be realized by every people in the society. The laws which are ‘unjust’ to some people now, may prove a purely ‘just’ one when such kind of situation will arrive.

Secondly, resisting laws means some people are recalcitrant to the authority. There is no point to resist laws. Things people in society can do is they may discuss with the authority about the disadvantages of such laws. But blatantly refusing laws will not be the intelligent solution. They can make the laws an adaptive one which becomes rigid in pressing situation otherwise flexible. But they can’t disobey the laws because disobeying laws means disobeying the lawmakers which may otherwise provide an adverse effect to the hierarchy of the society.

Finally, to make the society healthier and smoother to live, there should be a good understanding within its people. They must care for each other and feel for one another. Then only a society will be a happy place which can’t be obtained from just condemning some laws which are felt ‘unjust’ to a stint people.

A vacation worth spent

After a long, tiring one month of college days I came my heavenly home for more than couple of days on the Independence Day with an ebullient mood. To me vacation in home means spending time with utmost leisure keeping myself a safe distance away from academics. But this time what I did in the vacation is worth mentioning.

I had the book “The Kite Runner” by Khaled Hosseini with me for more than a year. But I could not manage to read even a single page of it. The pressure of day-to-day packed schedule of college did not allow me to do that. This time I was fully determined that I would finish the book within this vacation. Though the task was too arduous to accomplish, I almost reached my goal. I could not finish the book, but right now Mr. Hosseini overwhelmed me with his splendid creation. Talking about the book is not a very easy task for me as the marvel of the book is truly ineffable. The book as far as I have gone through is centered with two teenaged boys, one Mr. Hosseini himself and another is his so called lower caste ‘Hazara’ friend Hassan. It describes all aspects of the author’s childhood. Basically his childhood was entirely filled up by his best friend Hassan and the ambivalence towards his own father. The novel gradually turns to be a haunting story of love, loss and betrayal which is truly heart touching. But what I liked most of Mr. Hosseini is his lucid, terse and laconic writing style with a fabulous choice of words. He merely ridiculed his novel and presented in a very ground-to-earth manner. The Times truly reviewed the book by stating “He’s not afraid to pull every string in your heart to make it sing”. I loved the book so much.

Another notable thing I did in this vacation is, I watched a movie named “The Cast Away”. The movie is directed by Tom Hanks. It is a superb movie to watch. In this movie a head of FedEx becomes solitary in an island after a plane-crush. The movie pictures how he survived in that island for 14 long years and how he escaped from that island. It sounds the truth, “Human has to move on with time, because tomorrow the sun will rise”, all along the movie.

Alongside, I devoured the savored dishes made by mother scrupulously. I enjoyed the outing with my friends. It was more than special to me for some reason. And all these made my holiday a fantastic one. 

Politician especially indian

Now the foregoing discussion will be centered to India’s most dangerous (not sarcastically) species called politicians. The name politician should itself bear a great respect as politicians have the responsibility to make their surrounding environment more facilitated for carrying on daily life. But this is not true in a country like India.

First of all Indian politics is like a mire. The more animosity you will give it the more it will seem to be less. To common citizens of India politicians are as filthy as a bin full of garbage. Indian politician can do anything for their own good but nothing for country’s good. They want the comfortable chair of the political position not for serve the country but for serving themselves.

Indian politicians are enough adroit to hoax people so that public elect them as the owner of supreme power. Politicians assures them with some equivocal lectures by which people get attracted to them. In one word this is a perfect example of shenanigan.

Not only that Indian politicians are true picture of larceny and purloin also. They think public’s wealth as their own and enjoy the same like nothing. They have no attention to various breeding problems of India. May be they do not treat their country as their motherland rather as a land of luxury.

It is not like that public are not vexed with politician’s behavior. But what is the point to oppose them when the ultimate decision makers are them only. Politicians get involved in many reprehensible crimes. But either they are exonerated or their crime are proved to be misdemeanor. Sometimes some insurgent people try to foment but those malefactors still remain safe.

So, it will be better not to discuss about Indian politics because it will kindle more pugnacity but may be remain futile.

Indian cinema

Indian cinema in my view

Indian people have an immense fervor about cinema. In India, movies, both Hindi and the regional one, are released in a sporadic fashion every year. Many of those are much popular amongst a greater part of Indian population, but there are many reasons to be solicitous about the growth of Indian movies.

Many will repudiate the inferiority of current trend of Indian cinema but there are much space of reproach towards those motion pictures. The idea of criticism lies in the fact that the production of Indian Film industries are nowhere popular within global viewers. The characteristics which are making the picture an adverse one are many.

First of all the theme of Indian movie has suffered much digression from the eclectic amalgamation of ingenuous, artless and simple daily life stories of 60’s and 70’s to predictable, hyperbolic and banal unrealistic stories. Exacerbating the fact some movies are too long to be soporific and at the end of the movie it would seem to be inconsequential. Moreover in contrast to those so called ‘anachronous old’ movies, recent movies have no internal message to learn within it.

Apart from that, now-a-days Indian film-makers are not concentrating to make something of their own rather they are delighted to copy the parts of the films from some other sources and demand the result a superior one. Not only that, there is a new style of adaptation from some not-so-familiar, obscure works of others so that the viewers can easily be duped to take those plagiarized material an original one.

Adding to those facts, the current Indian movies contain too much levity. Film-makers have realized that some ‘item songs’, some ‘foreign location’ shooting, some bombastic action will hit the viewers and so those filmmakers are incorporating some ostentatious embellishment rather than even mild creativity. These situation has make the viewers inured to enjoy those reprobate films. They have forgot to appreciate the new, creative one. This is not the fact that no creative, out of track movies are being released, but they are not popularized for that reason, becoming the innovation inchoate.

Apart from all condemn, there is way out to ameliorate the situation. Film-makers, producers should make films not for money or just for entertaining the mob but they should also try to make Indian film industry a familiar one to global market. For this, they do not have to make plenty of films at a time but they should concentrate to make some better films taking much time.

Dedicated

পরিবর্তনের গল্প

     গনেশ বললো, “তোমাদের সেক্রেটারি কে?”

     লোকটি বললো, “যেই হোক, বৃষ্টি হলে পাঁচ টাকা বেশী দিতে হবে |”

     এইবার গনেশ রেগে গিয়ে হাত নেড়ে নেড়ে বলে, “কেন? বৃষ্টি হলে কী তোমাদের খিদে বেশী পায়? আমার সময় নষ্ট করো না তো| এই নাও ১০ টাকা |”

    কথা কাটাকাটির আওয়াজ শুনে চারপাশ থেকে আরও কয়েকটা রিক্সাওয়ালা জড়ো হলো| তাদের মধ্যে বয়সে বড় একটা রিক্সাওয়ালা কাছে এসে বলে, “কী রে হরা, বাবুর সাথে ঝগড়া করছিস কেন?”

     হরা ওরফে হরেন বললো, “এই দেখো না পরানকাকা, এই লোকটা হসপিটাল থেকে মোড় পর্যন্ত এসে ১০ টাকা দেবে বলছে| এমনিতেই ভাড়া ১২ টাকা, আর বৃষ্টি পড়ছে বলে আরো ৩ টাকা বেশী চাইছি বলে বাবুর কী রাগ|”

     এইবার পরান তাকালো গনেশের দিকে, “কী আর করবেন বাবু| বুঝতেই পারছেন, বৃষ্টিতে এমনিতেই কেউ রিক্সা আনতে চায় না| ১৫ টাকা চাইছে দিয়েই দিন না|”

     “এই শুনুন, এমন কিছু বৃষ্টি পড়েনি| সেরকম বৃষ্টি পড়লে আপনারা রাস্তায় দাড়িয়ে ঝামেলা বাড়াতেন না| কী করবেন কী টাকা না দিলে? এই আমি চললাম|” , পরানের দিকে আঙ্গুল তুলে কথাগুলো বললো গনেশ|

     এইবার পরিস্থিতি একটু ভারী হয়ে গেল| রিক্সাওয়ালাদের ভিড় আরেকটু বেড়ে গেলো| তারই মাঝে ছোকরা গোছের একজন বলে উঠলো, “দেখুন, এখন আর ঐসব বলে কোনো কাজ হবে না| সব বদলে গেছে| পাড়ায় শান্তিতে থাকতে চাইলে সবাইকেই খুশি করতে হবে| এখন চুপচাপ পাঁচটা টাকা হরাকে দিয়ে দিন|”

     এই কথায় একটু ভয় পেলো গনেশ| পকেট থেকে পাঁচ টাকা বের করে দিয়ে দিলো আর মনে মনে ভাবলো, “সত্যি সব কিছু পরিবর্তন হয়ে গেছে|”

     আজ থেকে ১০ বছর আগে নামী কলেজ থেকে ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং পাস করে বিদেশে বড় কোম্পানিতে কাজ করতে চলে যায় গনেশ সরকার| তারপর থেকে ওখানেই মোটামুটি পাকাপাকি ভাবে থাকতে শুরু করে দেয় সে| দেশে খুব কম-ই আসতো গনেশ| প্রয়োজন পড়লে তবেই আসত, নয়তো নয়| তাই ওর পুরনো সমাজে যে কী পরিবর্তন এসেছে তা সম্বন্ধে কোনো ধারনাই ছিল না ওর| বিয়ে-থাওয়া করেনি গনেশ| বাবা অনেকদিন আগেই গত হয়েছেন| কলকাতার ঘরে আপনজন বলতে শুধু মা, ছোটভাই আর বৌদি|

     গনেশের মায়ের আচমকা খুব শরীর খারাপ| তাই খবর পেয়েই সুদুর আমেরিকা থেকে পাড়ি দিয়ে এসেছে নিজের শহরে| গতকাল সকালে মাকে হাসপাতালে ভর্তি করিয়েছে গনেশ আর এর মধ্যে বুঝতে পেরে গেছে ওর সেই চেনা ১০ বছর আগের সমাজটা বদলে গেছে|

    

     ঘরে এসে মুখ হাত পা ধুয়ে ফ্রেশ হয়ে নিলো গনেশ| ভাই আর বৌদি হাসপাতালে আছে, ঘরে এখন আছে শুধু কাজের মেয়ে মীনা| সেই কোন সকালে খেয়ে বেরিয়েছে গনেশ, মাঝখানে পেটে আর কিছু পড়েনি| তাই ঘরে ঢুকতেই ঢুকতেই মীনাকে গনেশ বলে দিয়েছে খাবার রেডি করতে|

     বাথরুম থেকেই বেরিয়েই মীনার গলার আওয়াজ পেলো গনেশ, “দাদাবাবু, খাবার গরম হয়ে গেছে| খেয়ে নিন|”

     “ঠিক আছে তুমি টেবিলে খাবার বেড়ে রাখো আমি আসছি|”- শোবার ঘরে ঢুকতে ঢুকতে বললো গনেশ|

     “খাবার তো আপনাকে নিজে নিয়ে নিতে হবে দাদাবাবু, আমাকে শুধু খাবার রান্ধার জন্য পয়সা দেয়| খাবার দেবার জন্য তো দেয় না!”- নামী একটা চ্যানেলে রোমাঞ্চকর সিরিয়াল হচ্ছিলো| টিভির পর্দা থেকে চোখ না তুলেই জবাব দিলো মীনা|

     “মানেটা কী? খাবারটা একটু দিয়ে দিতে গেলে কী তোমার বেশী পরিশ্রম হয়? একেই ঘরে তো এই অবস্থা, তার মাঝে তুমি বেশী ঝামেলা করো নাতো| খুজলে অনেক কাজের লোক পাওয়া যাবে| ভাত ছড়ালে কী আর কাকের অভাব হয়?”- চেঁচিয়ে চেঁচিয়ে বলতে শুরু করলো গনেশ|

     “দেখুন দাদাবাবু, রাগ করবেন না| আমি কিন্তু সকাল থেকেই আজ আপনাদের ঘরেই আছি| অনেক্ষণ আগেই আমার চলে যাওয়ার কথা! আমি যে আজ বেশী সময় আছি না, এরকম কেউ থাকবে না|”- বলতে বলতে গজগজ করে ঘর থেকে বরিয়ে গেলো সে|

     “হুঃ, আজকালকার কাজের লোকদের মধ্যে মিনিমাম ভদ্রতাটুকুও নেই| ছোটবেলায় দেখতাম কাজের মাসিটাকে মা কত কথা শুনাতো, কীন্তু কাজের মাসি কিছু বলতো না|”- মনে মনে ভাবলো গনেশ|

     ডাইনিং টেবিলে বসে নিজেই খাবার নিয়ে খেয়ে নিলো গনেশ| তারপর ভিতর ঘরে গিয়ে লম্বা হয়ে গেলো, সারাদিনের পরিশ্রমের পর বিছানায় পিঠ পড়তেই ঘুম চলে এলো গনেশের|

 

     ঘুম ভাঙ্গলো সকাল সাড়ে সাতটায় ভাইয়ের ফোনে| ভাই আর বৌদি কয়েকদিনের জন্য হাসপাতালের সামনে একটা ঘর ভাড়া করে আছে| সেখান থেকেই ফোন করছে পরেশ, গনেশের ভাই|

     ফোনে গনেশ জানতে পারলো যে মায়ের অবস্থা একটু সিরিযাস হয়ে গেছে, মস্তিষ্কে রক্তক্ষরণ হচ্ছে| ভাই গনেশকে বলেছে তাড়াতাড়ি টাকা নিয়ে হসপিটালে পৌছাতে, ব্লাড ব্যাঙ্ক থেকে রক্ত কিনতে হবে|

     ভাইয়ের ফোন পেয়েই গনেশ ছুটলো হাসপাতালে| টাকাটা হাতে নিয়ে ব্লাড ব্যাঙ্কের লম্বা লাইনের পিছনে দাড়ালো ও|

     মিনিট দশেক পরেই একটি লোক এলো গনেশের কাছে| ততক্ষণে লাইনটা গনেশের পিছনেও অনেকটা বেড়ে গেছে, তবে গনেশ কিন্তু কাউন্টার থেকে একইরকম দুরেই রয়ে গেছে|

     “কী দাদা, লাইনের যা অবস্থা দেখছি, তাতে কাল ভোরের আগে রক্ত পাবেন না মনে হচ্ছে!কার চাই রক্ত? আপনার মা-এর না? ”-গনেশের কাঁধে হাট রেখে বিজ্ঞের মতো বললো লোকটা|

     “আপনি? আপনাকে তো ঠিক চিনলাম না!”- খানিকটা থতমত খেয়ে গনেশ জিগেশ করলো|

     “ছ্যা, আমাকে এই হসপিটালের মোটামুটি সবাই চেনে| এই রক্ত নিতে লোকজনকে সাহায্য করি|”-কথাগুলো বলে অদ্ভুত ভঙ্গি করলো লোকটা|

     “মানে? বুঝলাম না!”-বেশ আগ্রহের সঙ্গে লোকটার কাছে একটু ঝুঁকে গেলো গনেশ|

     “মানেটা খুব সহজ| ওই কাউন্টারে রক্তের দাম ১০০ টাকা এক বোতল| আপনি আমাকে ২০০ দেবেন, আমি ২০ মিনিটের মধ্যে নিয়ে চলে আসবো| বুঝলেন?”-একটা বিজ্ঞের হাসি হেসে লোকটা তাকালো গনেশের দিকে|

     “হ্যা বুঝলাম, আর এও বুঝলাম যে আপনার মতো লোভী দালালদের জন্যই দেশটা উচ্ছন্নে যাচ্ছে| জানেন এখানে কত গরিব লোক রক্তের জন্য আসে| আর আপনি তাদের ঘাড় ভেঙ্গে টাকা আদায় করেন? লজ্জা লাগে না আপনার?”-লোকটার দিকে কটমট করে তাকিয়ে বললো গনেশ|

     “আরে দেখুন বেশ বড় বড় তো কথা বললেন, এই চিনের পাঁচিল পেরোতে যখন জান কয়লা হয়ে যাবে আর কাউন্টারে গিয়েও নানা ফ্যাংড়ার জন্য রক্ত পাবেন না, তখন বুঝবেন কে গরিব আর কে বড়লোক!”- হাত নাড়তে নাড়তে বলে চললো লোকটা|

     “এই আপনি যান তো, সকাল সকাল মাথা গরম করবেন না বলে দিছি| কেটে পড়ুন এখান থেকে তাড়াতাড়ি|”-বেশ রেগে গেলো এবার গনেশ|

     একটা মিচকে হাসি হেসে লোকটা যেনো ভিড়ের মধ্যে মিলিয়ে গেলো|

     যাই হোক, রক্ত নেবার লাইনটা ধীরে হলেও কাউন্টারের দিকে এগোচ্ছে| দেখে সামান্য স্বস্তি পেলো গনেশ| এরই মধ্যে আবে ভাইয়ের ফোন এলো গনেশের কাছে| মায়ের অবস্থার অবনতি হচ্ছে, রক্ত খুব তাড়াতাড়ি চাই| আবার এদিকে লাইনটাও মাঝখানে আবার থেমে গেছে| কাউন্টারের লোকটার সাথে কার একজনের প্রচন্ড তর্ক হচ্ছে| লাইনে দাড়িয়ে উসখুস করতে শুরু করলো গনেশ|

     এই সময় তার আবার মনে পরলো সেই লোকটার কথা-“সত্যি কী তাড়াতাড়ি রক্ত এনে দিতে পারবে লোকটা? দেখবো নাকি? কিন্তু লোকটাকে যেরকম মুখঝামটা দিয়েছি, তাতে কী দেবে রক্ত| দেখি একবার চেষ্টা করতে ক্ষতি কী?”

     এরকম নানা সাত পাঁচ ভেবে শেষ পর্যন্ত ওই লোকটাকেই খুঁজে বের করে অনেক হাতেপায়ে ধরে বেশী দাম দিয়ে রক্ত কিনতে হলো গনেশকে| পুরো পরিস্থিতির কথা ভেবে গনেশ বেশ অবাক হয়ে যাচ্ছিলো| কিছুতেই দশ বছর আগের সেই সহজ সরল সাদাসিধে পৃথিবীটার সাথে মিলিয়ে নিতে পারলো না সে| যত দেখছিলো ততই আশচর্য হয়ে যাচ্ছিলো|

     “যাকগে, মাকে তো ঠিক সময় রক্ত দেওয়া গেলো| এখন আর ওসব ভেবে লাভ কী?”-এই ভেবে পুরো ব্যাপারটা মন থেকে ঝেড়ে ফেলতে চাইলো গনেশ|

     গত রাত্রের ওই ঘটনার পর আজকে আর কাজের লোকটাকে বেশিক্ষণ থাকতে বলেনি গনেশ| হোটেলে যা হোক দুটো মুখে গুঁজে নিয়ে ঘরে ফিরতেই চক্ষু চড়কগাছ! ঘরের পুরো দরজা আগলে বড় একটা বটগাছের গুড়ি পড়ে আছে|

     “এটা আবার কোথেকে এলো?”-এই ভাবতে ভাবতে চারিদিক তাকাতেই গনেশ বুঝতে পারলো যে সামনের বড় বটগাছটা কাটা হয়েছে আর বড় গুড়িটা ফেলার বা নিয়ে যাওয়ার জায়গা না পেয়ে এখানেই ফেলে দিয়েছে|

     “মানে কিরকম অসভ্য হেছে আজকালকার লোক|”-মনে মনে প্রচন্ড খেপে গেলো গনেশ, “একে তো বিনা কারণে গাছ-টাছ কেটে ফেলছে তার ওপর অন্যের অসুবিধে করে সেগুলো এধার-ওধার ফেলে দিছে|”

     যাই হোক, কোনরকমে ওই বড় গুড়িটা সরিয়ে ঘরে ঢুকলো গনেশ|

     গনেশ পরেরদিন বেশ বেলা করে ঘুম থেকে উঠলো| ভাইকে বলে রেখেছিলো যে বেশ কয়েকদিন ধরেই ভালো করে ঘুম হয়নি, সেইজন্য সকালে আর হাসপাতাল আসবে না-একেবারে দুপুরেই যাবে| সেইমতো ১১ টা নাগাদ ঘুম থেকে উঠে সামনের রিন্টুর দোকান থেকে সামান্য কিছু খেয়ে হাসপাতালের দিকে পা বাড়ালো গনেশ|

     কিন্তু হাসপাতালে গিয়ে সবকিছু দেখে শুনে মাথায় আগুন ধরে গেলো গনেশের| আজ সকাল থেকে মায়ের অবস্থার ভালোরকম অবনতি হয়েছে| ডাক্তাররা প্রথমে কিছুই বলতে চায়নি| পরে গনেশের ভাইয়ের অনেক পিড়াপিড়িতে সব কথা বেরিয়ে গেছে|

    কলকাতার এক নামী বেসরকারী হাসপাতালে ভর্তি ছিল গনেশের মা| কিন্তু দুর্ভাগ্যবশত ওখানকার ডাক্তাররা গনেশের মায়ের ভুল চিকিত্সা করে যাচ্ছিলেন আর সেটা বুঝতে পারার পরেও গনেশের মাকে তাঁরা হাসপাতালে রেখে দিতে চাইছিলেন সুধু টাকার লোভে| এমনিতেই এখনি চল্লিশ হাজারের মতো খরচা হয়ে গেছে|

     এরপর হাসপাতালের অফিসঘরে গিয়ে গনেশ রীতিমত চিত্কার করতে শুরু করে দিলো| গনেশের ভাই আর ভাইয়ের স্ত্রী মিলে গনেশকে বোঝাতে চেষ্টা করলো যে যা হওয়ার তো হয়ে গেছে এখন মাকে অন্য কোনো হাসপাতালে ভর্তি করার কথা ভাবতে হবে|

     পরিস্থিতি ঠান্ডা হওয়ার পর ঠিক হলো যে মাকে এম্বুলেন্স-এ করে অন্য একটা হাসপাতালে নিয়ে যাওয়া হবে| যথরীতি এম্বুলেন্স-এর ব্যবস্থা করা হলো আর যথারীতি তাতেও অনেক ঝঞ্ঝাট পোয়াতে হলো|

     এম্বুলেন্স-এ মায়ের সাথে যাচ্ছিলো গনেশ আর ওর ভাই| ভাইয়ের স্ত্রীও যেতে চেয়েছিলো কিন্তু ঘর ফাঁকা বলে তাকে বাড়ি পাঠিয়ে দেওয়া হয়েছে|

     গাড়িতে যেতে যেতে গনেশ নিজের মনে ভাবতে থাকলো, নিজের দেশে আসার পর কী ধরনের অভিজ্ঞতা হয়েছে মাত্র এই তিন দিনেই| আর কত অভিজ্ঞতা হবে তার কোনো ঠিক নেই| এদিকে মায়ের শরীর খারাপ, মন মেজাজও তেমন ভালো নেই|

     অনেকক্ষণ পর গনেশ ওর ভাইকে জিগেস করলো, “হ্যা রে ভাই আমাদের দেশটায় অনেক কিছু বদলে গেছে না?”

     ভাই ওর মুখের দিকে তাকিয়ে অবাক হয়ে জিগেস করলো, “কিরকম দাদা?”

     এরপর গনেশ ওর ভাইকে এক এক করে এদেশে আসার পর নিজের সব অভিজ্ঞতার কথা বললো| যেমনভাবে ঘটনাগুলো ঘটেছে ঠিক সেইভাবেই|

     এবারে মুখ খুললো ওর ভাই, “হ্যা রে ভাই সবকিছুই পরিবর্তন হয়ে গেছে| এখন আর কোনো লোক-ই অপরের গোলাম হয়ে থকতে চায় না| সবাই নিজের প্রাপ্য আদায় করতে শিখে গেছে| নিজের ওপর অন্যায় হলে কেউ এখন মুখ বুজে বসে থাকে না| আর সবাই এখন সুযোগ সন্ধানী হয়ে গেছে| কী করে নিজের ফায়দা হয় সেই চিন্তাই তো লোকে এখন সবসময় করে| অপরের জন্য চিন্তা কেউ করে না রে দাদা|”

     “ঠিক তাই রে, কিন্তু আমাদের দেশটা তো এরকম ছিল না| সব তো বিদেশের কালচার| আধুনিক হতে গিয়ে লোকে তো বিদেশের খারাপ জিনিসগুলো আয়ত্ত করে নিয়েছে|”-বেশ দুঃখ করে বললো গনেশ|

     এরই মধ্যে আবার মায়ের অবস্থার অবনতি হতে লাগলো| বি.পি. কমে যেতে লাগলো হঠাত করে| কিছুক্ষণ পরে নাড়ি খুঁজে পাও গেলো না| গনেশ আর ওর ভাইয়ের মুখ ছোট হয়ে গেলো| তবুও শেষ আশা করে মাকে হাসপাতালে নিয়ে যাওয়া হলো| কিন্তু সেখানে ডাক্তাররা তাঁকে মৃত ঘোষণা করে দিলেন|

     ডুকরে কেঁদে উঠলো গনেশ| সেই নামী বেসরকারী হাসপাতালের নাম করে বলতে লাগলো, “ওরাই আমার মাকে মেরে দিলো, ছাড়বো না ওদের| খুব খারাপ লোক ওরা|”-পাগলের মতো বকতে লাগলো গনেশ| গনেশের ভাইয়ের প্রায় একই অবস্থা| আশেপাশের লোকজন শেষ পর্যন্ত ওদের শান্ত করলো|

   

      সেদিন ছিল গনেশের মায়ের শ্রাদ্ধ| স্বভবতই খুব ব্যস্ত ছিল গনেশ| কী একটা জিনিস কেনার জন্য বাইরে বেরিয়েছিল ও| হঠাত করেই সেই রিকসাওয়ালাটার সাথে দেখা যার সঙ্গে সেদিন কথা কাটাকাটি হয়েছিল গনেশের|

      হারা তো গনেশকে দেখেই সামনের একপাটি দাঁত দেখিয়ে জিগেস করে, “শুনলাম মাসিমা মারা গেলেন| কী হয়েছিল মাসিমার?”

     কোনরকম পাত্তা না দিয়ে পাশ কাটিয়ে পেরিয়ে যাচ্ছিলো গনেশ| কিন্তু থেমে গেলো পরের কথায়|

     হারা বলে উঠলো, “বাবু দেখছি এখনো আমার ওপর রাগ করে আছেন| যাই হোক, সেদিন ওই ভারী জিনিসটা দরজার সামনে থেকে সরাতে সমস্যা হয় নি তো কোনো? ওই বট গাছের বড় গুড়িটা?”

     পুরো থম মেরে গেলো গনেশ|

     চারিদিকে সত্যি পরিবর্তনের হাওয়া লেগেছে|